Samuel T. Ariaratnam, Ph.D., P.E., P.Eng., F.ASCE, F.ISTT, FCAE, NAC. Population growth in urban centers worldwide has resulted in an increase in the installation of underground utility systems. To minimize impacts to surface activities, the use of trenchless construction methods has been more common, especially in urban environments. One such technique, Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD), […]